Vol. 6, Issue 1, Part A (2024)

Background: The surgical procedure of cholecystectomy involves removing the gallbladder. The medical community recognizes cholecystectomy as the definitive treatment for symptomatic cholelithiasis. The research significance emerges from its ability to analyze the connection between growing gallbladder removal rates and increasing obesity statistics during the past decades while investigating the direct impact of gallbladder removal on fat metabolism.
Aim: The research investigates how cholecystectomy affects lipid metabolism and BMI and cortisol levels in male adults aged 25-55 years who are obese and non-obese.
Methods: The research included 225 participants who were distributed into three equal groups. The research examined lipid profiles together with cortisol levels and BMI measurements and hypertension and diabetes as comorbid conditions. The research team evaluated lipid profile and cortisol relationships for each study group. The study took place at Tikrit Teaching Hospital between May 1st 2023 and September 1st 2024.
Results: The obese patient group displayed higher BMI measurements at 35.6±3.12 kg/m² together with hypertension at 48% and diabetes at 44% and smoking at 54.6%. The lipid profiles of obese patients showed elevated total cholesterol at 215.86±36.92 mg/dL and triglycerides at 198.46±28.52 mg/dL and LDL at 147.028±15.989 mg/dL and VLDL at 39.692±3.854 mg/dL while their HDL levels were at 29.14±3.98 mg/dL. The obese patients displayed elevated cortisol levels at 34.072±9.381 pg/ml which showed a positive relationship with dyslipidemia.
Conclusion: The research demonstrates that obese patients who undergo cholecystectomy surgery experience elevated metabolic and cardiovascular risks because of dyslipidemia and hormonal imbalances and existing comorbidities. The research demonstrates the necessity for preoperative optimization and postoperative lipid management and stress regulation strategies to enhance surgical results.